Ketamine Tolerance Symptoms: A Review

Abstract

Drug tolerance is a pharmacological phenomena that happens when the body's response to a medication diminishes with repeated use, requiring higher doses to have the same therapeutic benefit (Editor). The development of tolerance is mainly caused by two factors: 1. Pharmacokinetic: Because of its quick metabolism, this reduces the drug's effectiveness. 2. Pharmacodynamically, adaptive changes take place, such as an increase or decrease in the number of receptors, as is the case with morphine.