Fish Oil Supplementation Reduces Obesity Caused by a High-Fat Diet: Investigating Epigenetic Change and Genes Linked to Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Mice

Abstract

This research examined the effects of treating mice with fish oil (FO), specifically enhanced with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), on obesity brought on by a high-fat diet (HFD).Clarifying the effects of FO one pigenetic changes in white adiposetissue (WAT) and the role of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) was the main goal of the study. For 16 weeks, C57BL/6j mice were split into two groups: control diet and HFD. The HFD group was split into HFD and HFD + FO (treated with FO) during the course of the final eight weeks. ASCs were extracted, cultivated, and given leptin treatment, while WAT was excised in order to extract RNA and proteins.Western Blot tests, RT-PCR, and PCR-array were among the functional genomics methods used to analyse all samples. HFD-fed mice showed increased body mass, fat accumulation, and altered expression of genes linked to WAT inflammation and dysfunction.FO supplementation reduced these effects and may have a preventive effect against obesity brought on by a high-fat diet. Analysis of H3K27 showed that FO therapy partly corrected the histone alterations brought on by HFD. Leptin signalling in ASCs was further investigated in this work, which may provide a mechanism for ASC malfunction in the obesity-rich leptin milieu of WAT. All things considered, FO supplementation was effective in reducing HFD-induced obesity, affecting molecular and epigenetic pathways, and illuminating the part played by ASCs and leptin signalling in WAT dysfunction linked to obesity.