Synthesis, DFT Analysis, and In Vitro Assessment of New Hydrazone's Cytotoxic and Cytoprotective Effects on SH- SY5YNeuroblastoma Cell Lines and Antioxidant Properties

Abstract

Ten novel hydrazide–hydrazone derivatives with a pyrrole ring were created and their structures clarified using suitable spectroscopic features. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays were used to evaluate the target hydrazones' capacity to radicals, using ethyl 5-(4-bromophenyl )(Hydrozine-yl )-2-oxoethyl-1-(2-(2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-
dimethoxybenzylidene))7d) ethyl 5-(4-bromophenyl) and 2-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylateZine-yl)-3- oxopropyl hydrazine-(3-(2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzylidene))-2-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (8d) was identified as the series' top radical scavenger. The best radical scavenging ligands in the newly synthesised compounds are stable, do not break down into elements, are less polarisable, and have a hard nature, according to further density functional theory (DFT) research. The compounds' significant electron donating capabilities were shown by the energy of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO).All things considered, 7d and 8d may easily scavenge free radicals in biological systems by donating hydrogen atoms and transferring a single electron. The compound's protective action was evaluated in vitro using the H2O2-induced oxidative stress paradigm on the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y. The results showed that 7das was the most representative chemical with the maximum protection and the lowest cellular damage.